There's the dev in Erika and Satoru's Dream Story that pretty much drops a few F-Us in a hidden cutscene.
There's also some ASCII text (though it's romanized Japanese) in a really early Famicom pachinko game. Tells one how to replace a sound effect while ripping on sorta-unnamed comapies (probably Nintendo (for the somewhat underpowered FC hardware) and Toshiba (=Toemiland?, the publisher) for making him put crappier sound effects in. I think they actually said something like "Who's going to play this crappy game, anyways?"
).
EDIT:
I forgot I was going to comment on that Jack the Giant Slayer. For anybody who doesn't know, the tileset to the title screen of the unreleased US version was in the released Japanese version's ROM.
But the tilemap was not.
I tried to implant it once, but I think I gave up at the attribute table part.
I wasn't really interested in the game to continue it.
I also realized that Jack drops down on the screen and is programmed to stop when he collides with a certain tile. If that tile is changed to a different value, he just falls forever, wrapping around to the top of the screen.
Again, I didn't really care enough to track it down and fix it.
But good job frantik.